Estrés percibido asociado a la pandemia por COVID-19 en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador

Romel Jonathan Velazco Yánez, Jesus Alberto Cunalema Fernández, Germania Maribel Vargas Aguilar, Joicy Anabe l Franco Coffre

Resumen


La nueva pandemia de coronavirus es la mayor crisis de salud pública que el mundo ha enfrentado en más de un siglo. Los temores e incertidumbres generados por la llegada repentina, alta peligrosidad y exponencial crecimiento de la enfermedad unidos a las medidas subsecuentes como el aislamiento que modificaron drásticamente la rutina, nivel de vida y economía de cada individuo influenciaron grandemente en detrimento de la salud mental de las personas, elevendo los reportes de ansiedad, depresión y estrés de la población. Con el objetivo de diagnosticar los niveles de este último asociados a la pandemia por COVID-19, se aplicó un muestreo no probabilístico a los estudiantes y profesores de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador) y profesionales de la salud, aplicando la Escala de Estrés Percibido (EEP-10), adaptada y validada al contexto de COVID-19, con enfoques cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Se aceptó un total de 860 E 17,017 (± 7,15) entre un valor mínimo de 0 y máximo de 40. En el análisis multivariado se determinó que el género (-2,399), tener un familiar con enfermedades crónicas (-1,61), familiar diagnosticado con COVID-19 (- 1,764) y familiar fallecidos con COVID-19 (-2,3) son variables que influyen significativamente en el nivel de estrés percibido.

Palabras clave


COVID-19, Intervención en la crisis, Pandemias, Salud pública, Salud mental, Depresión.

Texto completo:

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