Evaluación del Impacto del COVID-19 sobre las Emociones de la Población Adulta: una Revisión Sistemática
Resumen
La pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) surgió en Wuhan, China, a finales de 2019; ya a principios de 2020, se había extendido por todo el mundo. Debido a la forma de contagio de persona a persona de COVID-19, todos los países afectados cerraron total o parcialmente sus fronteras. El confinamiento en los hogares se tomó como respuesta de emergencia de primera línea para evitar la rápida propagación del virus. Sin embargo, los cierres rigurosos establecidos para evitar los brotes pandémicos pueden causar problemas psicológicos. Además, estudios cuantitativos han subrayado que las personas en cuarentena tienen una alta prevalencia de sintomatología psicológica, incluidos síntomas postraumáticos y depresivos, estrés y ansiedad. En este trabajo, se realizó una revisión sistemática usando los portales de búsqueda más importantes a nivel mundial con la finalidad de establecer el impacto de del COVID-19 sobre la tríada ansiedad, depresión y estrés, relacionada a la somatización dinámica en la población adulta. En el estudio, de los 50 autores aquí señalados, bajo una población total de 149195 individuos con muestras comprendidas entre 29 y 54845 personas, el 40% presentaron síntomas de ansiedad, el 30% depresión, y el 16% estrés, con una somatización del 13%, de los cuales, el 69% eran hombres, y el 42% mujeres, y con una edad promedio de 40,77 años comprendidos entre los 29 y 77 años. Por otra parte, también se reporta la somatización de las diferentes patologías en diferentes áreas, tales como: cardiovascular, digestiva, neuromuscular, neurovegetativa y respiratoria.
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