Tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico y su impacto del estrés durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Resumen
El COVID-19, ha generado estrés a nivel mundial ante la ausencia del desarrollo de los hábitos diarios, causando complicaciones físicas y psicológicas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura (RSL) del tratamiento farmacológico y no farmacológico y su impacto del estrés durante la pandemia de COVID-19 desde el 2019 hasta el 2021. La estrategia de búsqueda consiguió obtener 25.078 artículos, escogidos de las 6 fuentes de investigación (Taylor & Francis, Springer Link, Wiley Online Library, ARDI, Microsoft Academic y Nature Portfolio), luego se realizó un filtrado de 4 etapas con 2 criterios de exclusión cada una de ellas, quedando solo 78 artículos, los cuáles se utilizaron para responder 4 preguntas de investigación planteadas. Se precisó alteración del bienestar emocional de la población en general, con aumento alarmante de prevalencia de ansiedad, depresión e insomnio; el presente estudio brinda información necesaria sobre los tratamientos, ya sea farmacológico (teniendo como principal en un 31,11% a los antidepresivos y antupsicóticos); como no farmacológico (teniendo como principal en un 21,62% a la telemedicina), orientados a mejorar el estado psicológico, sobretodo de la población vulnerable, que demanda abordaje integral, ante la incertidumbre asociada con la infección por SARS-CoV-2, más el efecto el aislamiento físico, que repercute negativamente sobre la salud mental, incrementando pensamientos suicidas, alucinaciones, y trastornos psiquiátricos.
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